Osteocalcin, a bone-derived hormone, has emerged as a potential regulator of energy metabolism, with roles in insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. Although an inverse association between osteocalcin and body mass index has been previously reported, data on its link with metabolic parameters in young, otherwise healthy women with obesity remain limited.
Patients with heart failure frequently present with varying degrees of skeletal muscle dysfunction, from early fatigue to sarcopenia and cachexia. Sarcopenia, defined as the loss of muscle mass and/or function, contributes to the physical dimension of frailty. Both conditions are associated with adverse outcomes in heart failure.
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed the biggest challenge to the global health system. Kidney damage is common in COVID-19 and ranges from mild proteinuria to severe acute kidney injury.
Metabolic risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases develop from an early age, while the clinical manifestations of cardiovascular diseases associated with these risk factors appear later in life. Dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the lipid profile in young people as an early risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Refractory heart failure with a poor prognosis is a key feature of dilated cardiomyopathy. Inflammatory cardiomyopathy, often diagnosed via in vivo subendomyocardial biopsy, is considered a potential precursor to dilated cardiomyopathy. The Dallas criteria, applied to morphometric and electron microscopic studies of biopsy samples, are essential for differentiating the features of various inflammatory stages. Building upon these established diagnostic principles, our study integrates immunohistological analysis with measurements of intramyocardial indices and intracardiac hemodynamics.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, often associated with multiple comorbidities that may complicate its clinical course. These comorbidities can exacerbate respiratory symptoms, impair lung function, alter imaging findings, and significantly affect prognosis.
Diagnosing community-acquired pneumonia in patients with chronic heart failure can be challenging. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response play an important role in the development and diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and are also involved in many cardiovascular diseases, including chronic heart failure.
Age-related macular degeneration is a multifactorial, polyetiological condition, affecting individuals over the age of 50, primarily characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of central vision. In the pursuit of a deeper understanding of its etiopathogenesis, risk factors, associated biomarkers, and diagnostic metabolites, the omics approach plays an essential role. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate selected omics biomarkers along with hematological and clinical data and to establish their correlations with macular degeneration.
Detrusor overactivity has been detected in approximately 50% of women with overactive bladder symptoms. According to the NICE guidelines, urodynamic testing is mandatory confirm the diagnosis of detrusor overactivity before performing minimally invasive treatment.
Accurate measurement of the esophageal hiatus is essential during laparoscopic repair of hiatal hernia, especially in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Traditional intraoperative assessments are often subjective and inconsistent. This study proposes a novel, objective method for measuring the hiatal surface area using digital photography and open-source image analysis software.