Pulmonary tuberculosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to data published by the World Health Organization in 2024, a total of 8.2 million people were newly diagnosed with TB in 2023, compared with 7.5 million in 2022, 7.1 million in 2019, and markedly higher than the 5.8 million and 6.4 million in 2020 and 2021, respectively.